Zone migrates north and southwards over the equator two times a year, which. Likewise, the california current occurs along the west coast of the u. The american practical navigatorchapter 31 wikisource, the. Equatorial jet in venusian atmosphere discovered by. Observations of geostrophic transport variability in the. The east african low level jet or findlater jet appears in boreal summer at about 1.
Nicholson, and douglas klotter department of meteorology, the. While it is one of the most prosperous, wealth is concentrated in the government and elite. Maximum rainfall occurs along the coast of eastern nigeria and cameroon, just north of the equator. As the south equatorial current approaches the coast of africa, it curves toward the southwest, part of it flowing through the mozambique channel between madagascar and the mainland, and part. The somali jet the monsoon wind that is deflected to the north as it crosses the equator is further deflected to the east by the mountains of africa. Fred in 2015 was one such system, which became the easternmost hurricane on record in the basin.
Of further interest are the indices for the zonal gradients of pressure pwe pw. In particular, the crossequatorial meridional branch of the somali jet forms along the east african coast in april, bringing moisture and rainfall northward to. Bata, port, northwestern equatorial guinea, west africa, lying on the gulf of guinea 18 miles 29 km north of the rio mbini. The forests cover cameroons southwest corner, mainland equatorial guinea rio muni and the coastal plains of gabon.
The majority of equatorial africa is dominated by tropical rainforests. The sallj transports large amounts of moisture and controls the. Jetstream and rainfall distribution in the mediterranean region core. Other regions, like the southern united states and west africa. Dotted lines indicate the domain of the rainfall index ron for the coast of east africa, and the dottedline quadrangle in east africa encloses the domains of the rain gauge stations shown in fig. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Abrupt rainfall transitions over the greater horn of africa. Diagnosing the droughts and floods in equatorial east africa. Zonal variations of the subtropical jet streams are linked to several phenomena. To give an idea of its size, equatorial guinea is slightly smaller than the u. Intraseasonal variability of the lowlevel jet stream of the asian.
Abstract several theoretical models for the east african low level jet stream are described. Fred in 2015 was one such system, which became the. Equatorial jet in venusian atmosphere discovered by climate. Observations by japans venus climate orbiter akatsuki have revealed an equatorial jet in the lower to middle cloud layer of the planets atmosphere, a finding that could be pivotal to unraveling. Mar 09, 20 twice a year, around may and november, westerly winds along the equator result in an eastward equatorial jet which feeds warm water towards sumatra. Several theoretical models for the east african low level jet stream are described. Variations of east african climate during the past two.
Check the below pic for world rainfall distribution as you can notice, dark green is more rainfall and is present almost in entire equatorial africa except eastern parts i. The jet now starts to decelerate in the wake of the kelvin front that propagates into the region already affected by the rossby front, and similarly in the wake of the rossby front as it propagates into the region x oct 25, 2018 the south america lowlevel jet sallj on the eastern slopes of the andes is a unique climatological feature in the continent. Why doesnt the equatorial rainforest region stretch to the. Jul 20, 1973 an equatorial jet in the indian ocean. It flows south along the east coast of africa from 27s to 40s.
Marine life off the coast relies heavily on the nutrientrich upwellings of the cold benguela current. At the surface of the indian ocean along the equator a narrow, jetlike current flows eastward at high speed during both transition periods between the two monsoons. Temperatures average about 90 degrees each day in the equatorial parts of this region. This area includes a slice of continental africa and five inhabited islands. Along the northern coast of the gulf of guinea flows the guinea current while the south equatorial current flows westward along the equator. On earth, the main jet streams are located near the altitude of the tropopause and are westerly winds flowing west to east. Mesoscale convective systems over western equatorial africa and their relationship to largescale circulation brian jackson,sharon e. Equatorial guinea is an independent country in western africa, consisting of a mainland section called mbini on the western coast and the coastal islets of corisco, elobey grande and elobey chico as well as the islands of bioko and annobon in the gulf of guinea. Allafrica is a voice of, by and about africa aggregating, producing and distributing 800 news and information items daily from over 140 african news organizations and our own reporters to an. Here you can find list of sea ports of equatorial guinea on the map and read information about their size, coordinates, restrictions, water depth etc. For example, the gulf stream occurs along the east coast of the u.
The strong crossequatorial low level jet stream llj with its core around 850 hpa of the asian summer. On the theory of the east african low level jet stream. The relationship of rainfall variability in western. Where african cyclones come from the weather channel. Thus, the constant low pressure in the equatorial zone and the high. The north east monsoon winter monsoon is related to the subtropical westerly jet stream which blows between 20 degree and 35 degree.
Sal is the most touristy of cape verdes 10 islands, but santa maria bay is the best place on sal to wax up there are no rocks, theres a long run and its a. Rains at the coast of equatorial east africa tend to be deficient with fast wester lies and eastward equatorial jet in the equatorial indian ocean. They all share the notion that the northward advection of planetary vorticity across the equator, coupled with the presence of a northsouth mountain barrier, leads to the formation of a lowlevel western boundary current akin to the gulfstream along the equatorial east coast of africa. This warm water current runs south along the east coast of southern africa from 25s to 40s, and is the western boundary current of the south indian ocean. When jet aircraft fly at 10,000 meters 33,000 ft, they have to be. May 10, 2001 a warmer central indian ocean alone, however, yields calculated rainfall over eastern africa that is even greater than the full enso response, and an increase in temperature of only 0. Which african countries are located on the equator. Sampling on a line along the eastern coast of africa was unfortunately.
In the past, it was possible for intrepid travelers to follow the equator on its journey through africa. Atmospheric pressure, winds, and circulation patterns cengage. On the theory of the east african low level jet stream springerlink. Indian monsoons role of tropical easterly jet tej african easterly. Crossequatorial inertial jets with special relevance to very remote. However, during the northeast monsoon this northwardflowing current the east african coastal current is opposed by the southwardflowing somali current. The zaire river system formerly named congo river also has a dominant influence upon equatorial africa.
Oct, 2009 the benguela current ecosystem of southern africa is the strongest winddriven coastal upwelling system known. Warm southern pacific water currently moves westward along the equator, in the southern equatorial current, along the north coast of new. It is suggested that it is the largest western boundary current in the world ocean, with an estimated net transport of 70 sverdrups 70 million cubic metres per second, as western boundary. The deserts lie in the subtropical latitudes, where there is little influence of either the westerlies or the convergence zones. Title from title screen as viewed on june 30, 2003. Closing of the indonesian seaway as a precursor to. Africus is the third continent of the world by land area. A map of eastern equatorial africa library of congress. Mesoscale convective systems over western equatorial africa.
At the beginning of june the subtropical jet stream is completely withdrawn from india and occupies a position along 40 n to the north of tibetan plateau. Equatorial guinea is a small country with a total area of 10,830 square miles28,051 square kilometers. The cape verdes, 570 kilometers off senegal on the west coast of africa, are a great destination for watersport enthusiasts, particularly during the trade winds season in winter. Bordered on the north by the mediterranean sea, the west by the atlantic ocean, south to the junction of the oceans atlantic and indian and east by the red sea and indian ocean. In boreal summer, the southwesterly somali jet intensifies over eastern africa. There are also desert areas in equatorial eastern africa, a. The existence of such a jet has tremendous implications. Sep 01, 2017 observations by japans venus climate orbiter akatsuki have revealed an equatorial jet in the lower to middle cloud layer of the planets atmosphere, a finding that could be pivotal to unraveling. The atlantic equatorial coastal forests cover an area of 189,700 square kilometers 73,200 sq mi, extending along the atlantic coast from low hills in the north to mountains further south and east.
One of the deepest seaports in the region, bata serves as one of the countrys main ports. Equatorial guinea is located on the coast of western africa. The stretches from sierra leone to the congo on the west coast of africa, and from southern somalia to northern tanzania on the east. The influence of the atlantic multidecadal oscillation on. Equatorial africa is an ambiguous term that sometimes is used to refer either to the equatorial region of subsaharan africa traversed by the equator. The south america lowlevel jet sallj on the eastern slopes of the andes is a unique climatological feature in the continent. This region receives anywhere from 100 to 500 centimeters of rainfall annually. The progress of the southwest monsoon towards india is greatly aided by the onset of certain jet streams including the crucial somali jet that transits kenya, somalia and sahel and exits the african coast at 9 degrees north at low level and very. The subtropical jet stream across the deep tropics of the northern hemisphere is. Afriqueequatoriale francaise, or the aef, was the federation of french colonial possessions in equatorial africa, extending northwards from the congo river into the sahel, and comprising what are today the countries of chad, the central african republic, the republic of the congo, and gabon. Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow, meandering air currents in the atmospheres of some planets, including earth. This map shows where equatorial guinea is located on the africa map. Indian monsoons role of tropical easterly jet tej african easterly jet, indian monsoons role of tibet, role of somali jet and indian ocean dipole.
The nature of rainfall variability over africa on time scales. A lowlevel jet along the benguela coast, an integral part of. This is one of the most productive ocean areas in the world, extremely rich in fishery resources with a total catch in excess of one million tons per annum. Jan 21, 2016 indian monsoons role of tropical easterly jet tej, indian monsoons role of tibet, indian monsoons role of somali jet and indian monsoons role of indian ocean dipole. African jet stays in its winter position, rainfall is abundant in the alpine. Equatorial africa is dominated by the congo basin area of land that is drained by a river and its tributaries water from rainfall in the congo basin flows downhill and collects into streams, which meet with larger streams, which flow into rivers that empty into the. The mainland is bordered by cameroon to the north and gabon to the east and south, with five inhabited islands scattered in the gulf of guinea. Within the study area of western equatorial africa rainfall exceeds 25 mm month. A wellknown ocean current that carries warm water up the coast of north america and then sweeps across the atlantic toward europe. The republic of equatorial guinea is located in middle africa and has an area of 28,000 sq. On rare occasions, named systems develop very quickly after the waves roll off the coast of africa. The cotonou agreement and its implications for the regional trade agenda in eastern and southern africa mode of access. Apr 24, 2019 on rare occasions, named systems develop very quickly after the waves roll off the coast of africa. Why doesnt the equatorial rainforest region stretch to.
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